•Soft Eyes - Encourage visual and physical awareness, better peripheral vision, and improved “feel.”

•Breathing - Using the diaphragm and breathing correctly for better posture, relaxation, and energy.

•Balance or Building Blocks - Aligns the riders body for improved balance, straightness, and ease of movement.

•Centering - Using the centre of balance, movement and control, located deep in the body, gives quiet strength, harmony and power, as in the oriental martial arts.

These fundamentals, along with clear intent for effective control, direction and use of aids, and grounding for stability and balance, promote freedom of movement, confidence and harmony between horse and rider, and can help in solving many problems.